Inverter (vehicle power supply) is a convenient power converter that can convert DC12V direct current to AC220V alternating current, which is the same as the main power supply of general electrical appliances.
principle
The inverter must be a thing composed of an inverter device to be called this. It has a direct difference with a transformer, that is, it can realize DC input and then output AC. The working principle is the same as that of a switching power supply, but the oscillation frequency is within a certain range. For example, if the frequency is 50HZ, the output is AC 50HZ.
How to choose a suitable UPS power inverter should mainly focus on the following points.
1. Rated output voltage: within the specified fluctuation range allowed by the input DC voltage, it indicates the rated voltage value that the inverter should be able to output. The stability and accuracy of the output rated voltage value are generally specified as follows. In steady state operation, there should be a limit to the voltage fluctuation range, eg, its deviation should not exceed ±3% or ±5% of the rated value. Under dynamic conditions with sudden load changes or other disturbance factors, the deviation of the output voltage should not exceed ±8% or ±10% of the rated value.
2. Unbalance of output voltage. Under normal working conditions, the three-phase voltage unbalance (ratio of reverse sequence component to positive sequence component) output by the inverter should not exceed the specified value, usually expressed in %, such as 5% or 8%.
3. The waveform distortion of the output voltage. When the output voltage of the inverter is a sine wave, the maximum waveform distortion (or harmonic content) should be allowed. Usually expressed as the total waveform distortion of the output voltage, this value should not exceed 5% (10% is allowed for single-phase output).
4. Rated output frequency The frequency of the inverter output AC voltage should be a relatively stable value, usually 50 Hz. Under normal working conditions, the deviation should be within ±1%.
5. Load power factor: It characterizes the ability of the inverter to carry inductive or capacitive loads. Under sine wave conditions, the load power factor is 0.7~0.9 (hysteresis), and the rated value is 0.9.
6. Rated output current: Indicates the rated output current of the inverter within the specified load power factor range. Some inverter products give the rated output capacity in VA or KVA. When the output power factor is 1 (that is, a purely resistive load), the rated capacity of the inverter is the product of the rated output voltage and the rated output current.
7. Rated output efficiency. The efficiency of the inverter refers to the ratio of its output power to the input power under specified working conditions, expressed in %. The efficiency of the inverter at the rated output capacity is the full-load efficiency, and the efficiency at 10% of the rated output capacity is the low-load efficiency.
8. Protection function. Overvoltage protection. For inverters without voltage regulation measures, there should be output overvoltage protection measures to protect the negative cut-off from the damage of output overvoltage.
Overcurrent protection. The overcurrent protection of the inverter should be able to act in time when the load is short-circuited or the current exceeds the allowable value, so as to prevent it from being damaged by inrush current.
9. Starting characteristics. Characterize the ability of the inverter to start under load and the performance during dynamic operation. The inverter should be guaranteed to start reliably under rated load.
10. Noise. Transformers, filter inductors, electromagnetic switches, fans, etc. in power electronic equipment will generate noise. When the frequency converter is in normal operation, its noise should not exceed 80dB, and the noise of a small frequency converter should not exceed 65dB.
Scope of application
The power inverter is not only suitable for the vehicle system, as long as there is a DC12V power supply, the power inverter can be used to convert the DC12V into the AC220V alternating current, which brings convenience to your life. 5. How are the high and low voltage alarm and shutdown functions embodied? When the power inverter high and low voltage alarm and shutdown, the red LED light is on, and there is an alarm sound.
manufacturing process
1. Power inverter manufacturing SMT patch process, what is SMT patch process?
"SMT" is known as "Automatic Programming Mounter", "SMD" is actually a packaged form of resistive components. It has high precision, small size, high degree of automatic processing, and reliable component welding. Power inverters are processed and produced through SMT.
2. What is a microcontroller?
All power inverter models with parameters and functions such as high and low voltage alarm and protection through the CPU microprocessor are called single-chip microcomputer types.
3. What is a simulator?
A model that realizes various parameter functions of the power inverter by separating components is called a simulator.
4. What are the performance characteristics of the power inverter?
Power inverter can convert DC12V to 220V. It has the following functions.
1) Input high voltage and low voltage alarm and protection.
2) Overload protection.
3) Instantaneous impact of twice the rated power.
4) Overload and short circuit protection.
5. What is the working principle of the power inverter?
The PWM pulse is realized by the CPU microprocessor, and the low voltage of 12V is changed into a DC voltage of about 300V through a high-frequency transformer. Then the CPU outputs a 50Hz AC drive signal to drive the power switch to work. Through the successive conduction conversion of the power tube, the AC voltage with an average effective value of 220V in the form of a square wave is output.
6. Is the output voltage of the power inverter stable?
The output voltage of the power inverter can be stabilized by its own feedback confirmation. The change between no-load and rated voltage value is less than 10V.
7. How to judge whether the stable value is safe for users?
The power inverter fully considers the external use environment, and will automatically protect and shut down when overload or short circuit occurs.
8. What is the output frequency of the power inverter? What is its output frequency?
The output frequency of the power inverter refers to the period of the output AC square wave. Its frequency is 50 Hz. The national power standard is 50 Hz. Generally speaking, the period is 20MS, F=1/T=50HZ.
9. What is continuous output power?
Continuous power refers to the power that the power inverter can work continuously under normal conditions.
10. What is peak output power?
Peak power refers to the power that the power inverter can withstand at the moment of power-on, usually referring to the motor load. The instantaneous starting power due to the large starting current during starting is called the peak output power.
11. What is the difference between the continuous output power and the peak output power of a power inverter?
Continuous power and peak power are different depending on what they mean.
Continuous load = current value × 220 (AC voltage)
Starting load = 2 × power value
Generally speaking, the starting load of an appliance or power tool determines whether your power converter is capable of driving it.
12. What is an inductive load?
In general, loads with inductive parameters, that is, loads that conform to the current-before-voltage characteristic, are generally regarded as inductive loads.
13. What is a capacitive load?
Generally speaking, a load with capacitive characteristics, that is, a load whose voltage is ahead of current characteristics, is called a capacitive load.
14. What is the difference between an inductive load and a capacitive load?
The characteristics of the load are different. First, the rated power of the power inverter must be met when selecting the load. As long as the conditions of the power inverter are met, the effect with capacitive and inductive loads is the same.
15. What is the difference between the output waveform of the power inverter and the output 220V mains voltage?
The output of the power inverter is an analog sine wave, while the mains voltage is a real sine wave.
16. What is the difference between the output waveform of the power inverter and the output 220V voltage value?
The 220V voltage value output by the power inverter is exactly the same as the mains voltage value.
17. Is the power inverter only suitable for input DC voltage of 11-15V?
The power inverter can only be used for input DC voltage of 11V-15V.
18. Is it possible to apply and work above or below the output value?
If it is lower than the input value, the power inverter will issue a low voltage alarm, please pay attention to the power load. When the input voltage is very low, the power inverter will automatically protect. When the input voltage is higher than this input value, the power inverter will automatically protect, when the input voltage is much higher than this input value, it will damage the power components of the power inverter.
19. How to understand the conversion efficiency of power inverter?
The conversion efficiency of a power inverter generally refers to the ratio of the output effective power to the total input power. It can be understood in this way that the higher the conversion efficiency, the better.
20. What is the no-load current value of the power inverter?
No-load current refers to the current consumed by the power inverter itself when there is no load.
21. What is the main function of the cooling fan of the power inverter?
The cooling fan of the inverter mainly plays the role of heat dissipation. It uses the side plate fan to draw air to form air convection, so that the power components of the power inverter work in a safe temperature environment.
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